Carlos Aguiar de Medeiros
Profesor emérito, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

Sala L-921, 9 piso de la biblioteca central, Universidad Sofía

inglés

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Instituto Iberoamericano, Colaborador: Japan Society of Social Science on Latin America

Since the Global Financial Crisis, competition in the world market has intensified, particularly with the rise of China and its enterprises in the most industrial sectors and high-tech activities. Industrial policy evolved to occupy the forefront in the policy making of states in several advanced and emerging economies particularly in new priorities established in relation to the environmental issue and climate change. As great producer of agricultural products, meat, minerals and oil, Brazil became a great Chinese’s supplier of soybeans, iron ore, and oil and achieved a predominant position in Latin America for Chinese investments and for market for manufactures made in China. Brazil achieved a huge trade surplus with China with positive impact on economic growth, however this pattern reinforced a primary export specialization, deindustrialization and had negative environment externalities as deforestation. This classic division of labor between center and periphery can, however, evolve into the construction of another type of economic relationship. The geopolitical fierce dispute between US and China in high technology and critical minerals and strategic partnership between China and Brazil is boosting new directions Chinese investments in the country and industrial policy achieved higher priority in the new government particularly in green energy, infrastructure and electric vehicles. This evolution that can open new possibilities for Brazilian industrial diversification and higher technological cooperation with China.